Internal-combustion engine.



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iNzEnnAL-connuscrion ENGINE.

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Specification of Letters'Patent Patented' Nov.. 4, 1913i -originalapplicaties filed June e, lellfserial no. 532,153. Divided and this.application filed January a,

` 1912. serialno. 669,306.

the line 1- invented a certain new and ment ln Internal-CombustlonEngines, of-

.vlew in section of To aZZ whom t may concern Be it known thatl, JOHNl/VJLLOUGHBY, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of theborough of Kings, city and State of Nev7 York, have useful 'Improvewhichthe following is a specication.

The object I have in view is the 4production ot' an internal combustionengine, of thetwo-cycle type, having a compressing cylinder and aworking cylinder, and a combinedcompressing and working piston, withSuperior devices for preventing leakage between the compression andworking chambers, and vice versa. These and further objects will morefully appear in the following specification and accompanying drawings,considered together or separately. This application for patent is adivision of an application for patent iiled by me June- 9th,`1911,Serial No. 632,153.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a plan view of an apparatus embodying myinvention, the plan being partly in section, taken on l of Fig. 2. Fig.2-is 'a side elevation of the same, also partly in section, the sectionAbeing taken on'the line V2 2 of Fig. Figg is a section, on the line23j-3 ofFig. 2; 'and Fig.. 4 is a detailed perspective the bull ring andlower plate.

A In all of the views, like parts are designated by the same referencecharacters. .I The particular embodiment of the invention shows inillustration -a two cylinder the. combustion chambers arev located work'and 5a, and in the compression ing pistons 5 chambers are locatedvvcompression pistons 6 Brooklyn, county of y and 6a, the working pistonsandthe compres-y sion pistons being preferably combined in onestructure,as shown. `The usual-connecting rods 7 and 7a, shaft andcranks 9 and 9al are, provided, the cranksA being 18,0o apart. It isapparent that While the pistons in one cylinder go up, those inthe othergo down, and that when those inv one vreach 'the eX- treme of theirupper stroke,thosen the other reach the extreme of theirA 'bottomstroke.

0n the sides of the cylinders is the valve casing 25. In this valvecasing are piston ,valves 26 and 2,6EL connected togetherl byfajrod asshown, one end of which isactuated by a cam appropriately rotated bysuitable mechanism so as to turn in time with the main shaft, as isdescribed in. my c-opending application before referred to."Betvveel-lthe two valves 26 and 26a the carbureter (not shown).V Thispassage communicates .with the valve chest 10, which ports 11, 11a, tothe compressionfchammeans of communication from the compression'chambers 4 tothe valve chest 10'. Cross passages 13, 13acomlnunlcatewlth the valve which is adapted to 15, 15a when` the pistonis at the bottom of ,its stroke. ,fadjacent to the understood that theprillthis apparatus may be i The usual deiiector is provided port 16'.

17 is the exhaust port..

the valve chest 10, thence throu h the port 12L into the compressioncham er' 4a, the 'valve 26at being in such position that the port 12a isuncovered'. 'luring the upstroke of the left-hand piston the port 12 iscovered and the ports 11 and 14 are uncovered. The explosive mixturepreviously drawn into the compression lchamber 4 will be compressed inthat chamber, through the ports 11 and 14, and through the crosspassages 13 vinto the port 15a, and will be compressed in thesepassages. As soon as theY Working'piston 5a in the right# in turncommunicates at each endthrou-gh the bers 4, 4a. Suitable ports 12, 12aserve as a register with the portsand will be passed is a passageQ'Z'from The operation of the structure described is as follows: During thedown stroke of the right-hand piston, as shown, carburetedv :air will bedrawn through the port 9 intov inder is ascending, the working piston 5of the left-hand cylinder will be descending. Consequently, when theworking piston 5 has reached the bottom of its stroke, and' hasregistered its port 16 with its port 15, the compressing piston 6 of theright-hand cylinder will be at the uppermost part of its stroke, havingcompressed the explosive mixture and this mixture under pressure willimmediately pass into the combustion chamber 3. It is apparent thatthesame results will occur` on the down stroke in relation to the otherside of the engine.

It is apparent that when the working piston on one side of the engine isdescendlng, subject to a pressure on its upper face, the compressionpiston on that side is acting as a suction. piston drawing the mixtureinto the compressing cylinder. The great difterence in ressure betweenthe two sides of the working piston within a particulafr'cylinder, wouldordinarily result in leakage.y This I prevent byf-,means of the packingrings 1S and 19. As these rings must be compression rings in order to beedective, it.

is necessary, to permit them to be put in place, to utilize a bull ring20and a lower plate 21. This bull ring carrying the pack-A ing rings 18and 19, is introduced into place, and the lower plate 21, which isannular in shape, is then introduced and serves to hold the lower rin19, and also the-bull ring in place within t e cylinder. This lowerplateis held rin position by means of screws 22. The lower plate extendsdownward a sucient distance to embrace the rin 23 on the working piston5 or 5, and hol them in place when the latter piston 4.is at the lowestpartei its stroke. The compression ypiston 6 or 6 is in the form of an'annular skirt 24, l

which extends upward around thislower plate when the piston is at' theuppermost position, so that the compression space is made as small aspossible, and the necessary compression secured. By this device, thejoint which separates the combustion chamber from the compressionchamber is eectively packed by means of the compression cylinder ringsinl addition to the ordinary form of expansion piston rings.

The improved packing device can be employed in situations where thecross-over feature is not employed, as for instance, in engines whereeach cylinder is an entirety and the air or charge is compressed andfired in the combustion and compressing chambers located inthe samecylinder. y The particular form of engine disclosed herein is notclaimed in this application, but in my co-pending application, beforereferred to.

1n accordance with the provisions of the vpatent statutes, l havedescribed the principle of my invention, together with the apparatuswhich I now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof; but Idesire-to have it understood that the apparatus shown is merelyillustrative and that the invention can be carried out in other ways.

Having now described my invent-ion, whatv l claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is 1. An internal combustion engine, having acylinder; a bull ring therein; there being a port passing through thebull ring; there being a second port in the cylinder tbone side of thebetween the two ports, said packing ring being held in place by means ofthe bull ring.

2. An internal combustion engine, haring a cylinder; a bull ringtherein;there being' bull ring; and a packing" ring a port passingthrough the bull ring; there Y being a second port in the cylinder loone sideof the bull ring; and a packing ring between the two ports, saidpacking ring bel ing held -in place by means of thebiill4 ring;

a second packing ring engaged byj'jthe'bull ring, and a plate engagingwith the secondv ring, and holding it infplace.

This specication signed and.A wi ceased this 30th day of Dec., 1911. f

JOHN WLLQUGHHY'. Witnesses: u with Lo'rson, .y ro. il', Hanson.

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Washington, D. o. 1

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